At a consumer level, most people want their personal information to be protected when it's in the hands of an organization. This concern extends to the enterprise, where strong security of data is crucial in retaining customers as well as building trust with employees and other stakeholders.
Data security is the protection of digital data from damage, corruption and theft during its entire life cycle. It encompasses everything from hardware and storage devices to user devices, software and access control. It also includes ensuring that policies and procedures that prevent data breaches.
The most commonly used kinds of data security are encryption, data masking, and resilience. Encryption of sensitive information is essential for all stages, including storage, transport and use. It makes the information unreadable to unauthorized parties. Data masking is a complimentary method of encryption that replaces sensitive digital data with fabricated information. It can be used for database administration and software testing, as well as research and development and user training.
Resiliency is about having backups of vital data that can be quickly restored in the event of an emergency. It also includes removing physical storage media like USBs and external drives (and even printed documents and files) on a regular basis to avoid having the information found by hackers.
Data security is a priority for companies due to the fact that a high profile data breach could cost them millions of dollars in costs for recovery and forensic. It could also lead to fines for compliance, and can cause lasting damage to their reputation and customer loyalty. It's a legal requirement as also, as the General Data Protection Regulation and California Consumer Privacy Act both require companies to secure their personal information.
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